26 May-26 April

As the dry season sets in the 'autumn' colours begin.

 

A busy month at the Soutpansberg Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation. There were some significant sightings and developments for the project.

The period saw the last days of summer and the beginning of the cold nights of winter. This a beautiful time of year, the trees begin to loose their leaves and before they drop them the leaves begin to change colour and the result is a landscape washed in warm autumn colours.

European Bee-eaters (Merops apiaster) preparing to depart.

This time year sees a spike in reptile observatons. As the weather begins to cool, many reptiles are out basking. This month we saw a lot of Mozambique Spitting Cobras.

Mozambique Spitting Cobra (Naja mossambica). One of the most commonly seen snakes in the area.

Spotted Bush Snake (Philothamnus semivariegatus). Beautiful arboreal snakes.

The Stripe-bellied Sand Snake, Psammophis subtaeniatus, this is the snake which is most often seen.

Crested Guineafowls grow rather tame in the dry season.

It is always exiting to add a new species to one of our growing lists and this month saw two new mammals, a new bird and a new reptile. For me the highlight of the month was seeing a Nile Crocodile, Crocodylus nilotica, for the first time in the area. The animal was spotted in a large pool to the North of the property. Unfortuanately I was not fast enough to get a picture. As soon as I manage to photograph the animal it will be a good record for the Soutpansberg and Greater Vhembe Biosphere Reserve. Another new species was the White-breasted Cuckoo-Shrike, a good record for our bird list. In terms of mammals we were lucky enough to get two new records this month. The first was an African Wild Cat caught on Alan Carr’s camera trap. The second new mammal, something that has been under our noses this whole time, was a Yellow-spotted Hyrax. Every time I had seen this species in the past, and they are common, I assumed that they were Rock Hyrax. That was foolish as they are quite different looking.

South African Rock Python (Python natalensis).

There were also some amazing sightings/encounters with animals. Namely a porcupine sighting that was very unusual. These animals usually leave the area at the slightest disturbance, but we had one that allowed close approach before slowly moving off.

Damon variegatus, these arachnids are perfectly harmless and common in the area.

As far as infrastructure at the Soutpansberg Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation is concerned, we finally managed to get our solar power system up and running. At the moment we are able to charge a computer for data entry and also batteries. The system is modular, so as our needs grow, we can grow the system to accommodate the needs.

As for conservation activities, there were some developments in our nursery – finally I have managed to germinate Baobab seeds. All horticultural activities are for conservation, be it selling trees for fund-raising or planting trees out into the veld. The next month will see path clearing for ecotourism taking place and also alien invasive clearing. The illegal sand mining operation has begun its activities again and the fight to stop them will have to continue, hopefully there will be some developments soon.

Boaedon capensis, known as the Brown House Snake. This juvenile was consuming a gecko.

Participant Report

Recent participant Melissa Petford from London recently visited the SCBC. The following is an account of her impressions of the programme. 

"I was at the SCBC for three amazing weeks over March and April 2015. The SCBC is located in a stunning area of the Soutpansberg next to the sand river. The scenery is breathtakingly beautiful and never ceases to amaze; whether it be the picturesque mountains reflecting in the river with the everlasting sunlight, or the Milky Way stretching between the mountain ranges in the night-time sky.

The fauna and flora in the area are extremely diverse. You are guaranteed every day to see amazing things from the typical vibrant flat lizards basking in the sun, to the shiny dung beetles battling over the latest excrement. One of the most notable sightings of the three weeks was an amazing porcupine sighting at night; we were able to get to within 5m of the animal without disturbing it and it was a very rare and exciting view.
  

The day-to-day activities included biodiversity hikes and setting up camera traps. Often we went on croc duty; one day we saw a crocodile in the sand river but were unable to capture a photograph, therefore we frequently went back to look for it. Croc duty involves walking along the train track adjacent to the river, which often feels like a scene out of “The Railway Children”, and hope that you catch a glimpse of a dark shadow under the water.

To sum up the SCBC offers a great opportunity to actively learn about South African wildlife in a remote and picturesque area whilst also allowing you to take part in the conservation efforts in the area which are extremely important in the Soutpansberg region.

The trip has definitely been an amazing experience and I hope to return soon.  "

Namaqua Doves (Oena capensis) can occasionally be spotted in the dry area south of Medike.

The familiar chat, Cercomela familiaris. Delightful little birds.

Bird List

Natal Spurfowl; Crested Francolin; Crested Guineafowl; Eqyptian Goose; African Black Duck; Golden-tailed Woodpecker; Bearded Woodpecker; Black-collared Barbet; Yellow-fronted Tinkerbird; African Grey Hornbill; African Hoopoe; Green Wood-hoopoe; Common Scimitarbill; Malachite Kingfisher; Brown-hooded Kingfisher; Giant Kingfisher; Pied Kingfisher; White-fronted Bee-eater; European Bee-eater; Red-faced Mousebird; Speckled Mousebird; Red-chested Cuckoo; Burchell's Coucal; Alpine Swift; African Black Swift; Little Swift; Purple-crested Turaco; Barn Owl; Cape Eagle Owl; African Wood Owl; Fiery-necked Nightjar; Freckled Nightjar; Speckled Pigeon; Laughing Dove; Red-eyed Dove; Emerald-spotted Wood-dove; Tambourine Dove; African Fish Eagle; Cape Vulture; Brown Snake Eagle; Little Sparrowhawk; Black Sparrowhawk; African Goshawk; African Harrier-Hawk; Verreaux's Eagle; African Hawk Eagle; Rock Kestrel; Lanner Falcon; Goliath Heron; Grey Heron; Green-backed Heron; Hammerkop; Hadeda Ibis; Black-headed Oriole; African Paradise Flycatcher; Fork-tailed Drongo; Black-back Puffback; Southern Boubou; Tropical Boubou; Orange-breasted Bushshrike; Gorgeous Bushshrike; Grey-headed Bushshrike; Retz's Helmet-shrike; White-crowned Helmet-shrike; Cape Batis; Chinspot Batis; Pied Crow; White-breasted Cuckooshrike; Southern Black Tit; Wire-tailed Swallow; Barn Swallow; Rock Martin; Dark-capped Bulbul; Sombre Greenbul; Yellow-bellied Greenbul; Long-billed Crombec; Cape White-eye; Rattling Cisticola; Tawny-flanked Prinia; Bar-throated Apalis; Yellow-throated Apalis; Grey-backed Cameroptera; Kurrichane Thrush; Ashy Flycatcher; Grey Tit-Flycatcher; White-throated Robin-chat; Red-capped Robin-chat; White-browed Robin-chat; White-browed Scrub-robin; Familiar Chat; Mocking Cliff-chat; Red-winged Starling; Collared Sunbird; White-bellied Sunbird; Spectacled Weaver; Red-billed Quelea; Swee Waxbill; Blue Waxbill; Red-billed Firefinch; SouthernGrey-headed Sparrow; African Pied Wagtail; Yellow-fronted Canary; Cinnamon-breasted Bunting

African Pied Wagtail (Motacilla aguimp). Nice little birds.

The huge Goliath Heron, Ardea goliath.

Reptile List

Crocodylus niloticus                               Nile Crocodile

Afroedura broadleyi                              Flat Gecko

Chondrodactylus turneri                      Turner’s Gecko

Hemidactylus mabouia                         Common Tropical House Gecko

Homopholis wahlbergii                         Wahlberg’s Velvet Gecko

Lygodactylus capensis capensis          Common Dwarf Gecko

Smaug warreni depressus                    Flat Dragon Lizard

Platysaurus relictus                               Soutpansberg Flat Lizard

Gerrhosaurus flavigularis                    Yellow-throated Plated Lizard

Afroablepharus maculicollis                Spotted-Necked Snake-Eyed Skink

Mochlus sundevallii sundevallii          Sundevall’s Writhing Skink

Trachylepis margaritifer                      Rainbow Skink

Trachylepis striata                                 Striped Skink

Trachylepis varia                                   Variable Skink

Scelotes l. limpopoensis                        Limpopo Dwarf Burrowing-Skink

Varanus niloticus                                   Nile Monitor

Agama armata                                       Northern Ground Agama

Python natalensis                                  Southern African Python

Boaedon capensis                                  Common House Snake

Psammophis subtaeniatus                  Stripe-bellied Sand Snake

Naja mossambica                                  Mozambique Spitting Cobra

Philothamnus semivariegatus           Spotted Bush Snake

Leptotyphlops species                          Thread Snake

Myriopholis longicauda                       Long-tailed Thread Snake

The Cape Porcupine (Hystrix africaeaustralis). Massive rodents.

Mammal List

Bushveld Senghi

Lesser Bushbaby

Thick-tailed Bushbaby

Chacma Baboon

Vervet Monkey

Cape Porcupine

Tree Squirrel

Denderomus

Spiny mouse

African Wild Cat

Leopard

Cape Clawless Otter

Large Spotted Genet

African Civet

Banded Mongoose

Dwarf Mongoose

Water Mongoose

Yellow-spotted Hyrax

Rock Hyrax

Bushpig

Bush Buck

Kudu

Sharpe’s Grysbok

Camera Trap in remote Ochna woodland.

Volunteer Report - Steffi Krause March 1 - March 16

Ich war im März 2015 im Soutpansberg Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation. Die Organisation im Vorfeld lief per Email ab und hat reibungslos funktioniert, auch der Transport vom und zum ca. 600km entfernten Flughafen in Johannesburg war kein Problem. Die Landschaft in Soutpansberg ist atemberaubend und nahezu unberührt. Ein Muss für jeden Naturliebhaber. Auch das Wetter war in der eher „kühlen Jahreszeit“ zu der ich vor Ort war stets warm und selbst die Nächte sind angenehm gewesen. Die Natur im Gebiet ist sehr artenreich und vielfältig. Man kann nahezu jeden Tag etwas neues entdecken, sowohl Tiere als auch Pflanzen. Die Tätigkeiten und Unternehmungen sind sehr abwechslungsreich und werden immer gemeinsam abgestimmt. Es gab immer etwas zu tun- zu unseren Aufgaben zählte unter anderem die Aufstellung von Videofallen, Vogelstudien, Spurensuche, Erkundung neuer Gebiete oder die Entfernung invasiver Arten.

Die Landschaft erstreckt sich zwischen Bergen und einem Fluss entlang und bietet durch ihre Vielseitigkeit, vielen verschiedenen Tier- und Pflanzenarten einen Lebensraum. Auch die Abgeschiedenheit ist sehr positiv zu beurteilen. Man findet wirkliche Erholung und Ruhe und durch die weite Entfernung von Städten ist es möglich den Sternenhimmel in einer ungeahnten Klarheit zu beobachten.

Ich habe gelernt, dass man mit etwas Mut, viel Neugier, Humor und Freundlichkeit nicht nur sein Englisch aufbessern, seine Augen schulen und viele neue Infos über den Wald mit nach Hause nehmen kann, sondern vor allem eins gewinnt: Lebenserfahrung! (Steffi, 26, Deutschland.)

March 1 - March16

The first two weeks of March was a good period for the Soutpansberg Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation. We had participant, Steffi Krause from Gießen, Germany helping out with biodiversity research and conservation.

The climate during the two weeks was hot and dry, the drought is still on in the area. Last year this time there were floods due to all the rain and this year it has not rained properly in a month. We are probably in for a tough winter ahead.

A nice coloured chafer beetle (Leucocelis)

Verreaux's Eagle patrolling the parched landscape.

The late summer reptile peak has begun and we have had some nice reptile sightings. Including three Mozambique Spitting Cobras in two weeks. But because of the dry weather there are not as many as their would be had it been raining.

During the two weeks we concentrated on butterflies for our biodiversity research and made some good observations (Butterfly List coming soon). We also managed to get three new birds for the SCBC bird list these were the White-fronted Bee-eater, Goliath Heron and Wire-tailed Swallow.

Bush Scarlet (Axiocerses amanga amanga)

Two-pip Policeman (Coeliades pisistratus)

Conservation work during the period included alien invasive clearing along the Sand River, identification of sites to be cleared, collection of snares and horticulture.

The two weeks were good for the development of the Soutpansberg Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation. The process of getting solar power for data entry has been initiated and certain parts of the programme have been refined.

Thank you to Steffi Krause for your hard work, input and participation in the project.

 

Narina Trogon (Apaloderma narina narina) a beautiful forest bird.

Bird List

Natal Spurfowl; Crested Francolin; Crested Guineafowl; Golden-tailed Woodpecker; Bearded Woodpecker; Black-collared Barbet; Yellow-fronted Tinkerbird; African Grey Hornbill; African Hoopoe; Green Wood-hoopoe; Malachite Kingfisher; Giant Kingfisher; Pied Kingfisher; White-fronted Bee-eater; European Bee-eater; Narina Trogon; Red-faced Mousebird; Speckled Mousebird; Burchell's Coucal; Alpine Swift; Little Swift; Purple-crested Turaco; Barn Owl; Cape Eagle Owl; Fiery-necked Nightjar; Freckled Nightjar; Speckled Pigeon; Laughing Dove; Red-eyed Dove; Tambourine Dove; African Fish Eagle; Little Sparrowhawk; Black Sparrowhawk; African Goshawk; Steppe Buzzard; Verreaux's Eagle; Rock Kestrel; Goliath Heron; Green-backed Heron; Hammerkop; Hadeda Ibis; Black-headed Oriole; African Paradise Flycatcher; Fork-tailed Drongo; Brown-crowned Tchagra; Black-back Puffback; Southern Boubou; Tropical Boubou; Orange-breasted Bushshrike; Grey-headed Bushshrike; Retz's Helmet-shrike; White-crowned Helmet-shrike; Chinspot Batis; Black Cuckooshrike; Southern Black Tit; Wire-tailed Swallow; Barn Swallow; Rock Martin; Dark-capped Bulbul; Sombre Greenbul; Yellow-bellied Greenbul; Long-billed Crombec; Cape White-eye; Rattling Cisticola; Tawny-flanked Prinia; Bar-throated Apalis; Grey-backed Cameroptera; Kurrichane Thrush; Spotted Flycatcher; Grey Tit-Flycatcher; White-throated Robin-chat; Red-capped Robin-chat; White-browed Robin-chat; White-browed Scrub-robin; Familiar Chat; Mocking Cliff-chat; Red-winged Starling; Violet-backed Starling; Collared Sunbird; White-bellied Sunbird; Red-billed Quelea; Common Waxbill; Blue Waxbill; Jameson's Firefinch; Village Indigobird; SouthernGrey-headed Sparrow; African Pied Wagtail; Cape Wagtail; Yellow-fronted Canary; Cinnamon-breasted Bunting; Golden-breasted Bunting

A curious group of Chacma Baboons (Papio ursinus subsp. griseipes).

 Mammal List

Thick-tailed Bushbaby; Chacma Baboon; Vervet Monkey; Tree Squirrel; Spiny Mouse; Leopard; Slender Mongoose; Dwarf Mongoose; Water Mongoose; Large-spotted Genet; African Civet; Rock Hyrax; Bush Pig; Sharpe's Grysbok; Klipspringer; Bush Buck

Reptile List
 

Stigmochelys pardalis                        Leopard Tortoise

Afroedura sp.                               

Chondrodactylus turneri                     Turner’s Gecko         

Hemidactylus mabouia                        Common Tropical House Gecko      

Homopholis wahlbergii                       Wahlberg’s Velvet Gecko     

Lygodactylus capensis capensis        Common Dwarf Gecko         

Smaug warreni depressus                  Flat Dragon Lizard

Platysaurus relictus                             Soutpansberg Flat Lizard    

Broadleysaurus major                        Rough-scaled Plated Lizard

Gerrhosaurus flavigularis                  Yellow-throated Plated Lizard        

Matobosaurus validus                        Common Giant Plated Lizard          

Afroablepharus maculicollis             Spotted-Necked Snake-Eyed Skink

Trachylepis margaritifer                    Rainbow Skink          

Trachylepis varia                                  Variable Skink          

Varanus niloticus                                  Nile Monitor  

Chamaeleo dilepis dilepis                   Flap-Necked Chameleon     

Agama armata                                      Northern Ground Agama    

Psammophis subtaeniatus                 Stripe-bellied Sand Snake   

Naja mossambica                                 Mozambique Spitting-Cobra            

Mozambique Spitting-Cobra (Naja mossambica). Very common in the area.

Camera Trap Highlights 26 January - 26 February

Stills from video footage don't really quite have the same result as the video itself, but they are a good record. Here are some of the highlights for our first month of using cameras.

First animal on my new camera was a leopard. Now that is lucky!

A large male baboon caught in a remote woodland.

This footage captured two young Bush Pigs playing.

African Civets seem quite common in the area. This was the first one caught on camera.

This was something very unusual. A Gambian Pouched Rat (Cricetomys gambianus). These are massive rats.

African Civet caught in a remote forest.

This Leopard was caught in a remote forest.

Bush Pigs alerted to smell of Leopard urine spray.

January 26 - February 26

First animal I got on my new camera trap was this Leopard. The camera was placed right outside my hut.

After being away from the Soutpansberg for nearly two months I finally returned to Medike on the 26th of January. The first thing that struck me when I saw the veld was the dryness and the water stress the plants were going through – a physical reminder that it is an El Niño season. During the first ten days there was a little rain, but since then it has been hot and dry with a prevailing desiccating wind.

A flock of Red-billed Quelea. Said to be the most abundant wild bird species in the world.

Despite the climate life, being as robust as it is, was in a high state of energy and vitality. Birds were breeding and were very active; insects, especially flies, dragonflies, butterflies/moths and beetles were abundant and I managed to get some good species; reptilian life was also peaking during this period and I found many tortoises, chameleons and had some good snake sightings. All in all it was a good month generating numerous new species for our lists.

Bark-gnawing beetle (Trogossitidae). First time I had seen this type of beetle.

The greatest developments of the month was the beginning of using camera traps for data capture. I was lucky enough to be loaned a camera and I also managed to buy one for the centre. I also received a donation of two Sherman Traps. These are non-lethal traps for small mammals. Just trying out these Sherman Traps around my hut, I caught a few small murids.

Wahlberg's Velvet Gecko (Homopholus wahlbergi) consuming a Tiger Moth.

With the camera traps I got some really interesting footage of a Gambian Pouched Rat foraging. I also captured two leopards, one right outside my hut. It was special to finally see the cats that walk around at night.

Dicronorrhina derbyana, a large scarab beetle.

At the moment one of research objectives is to catalougue butterflies. This is the Netted Sylph (Metisella willemi).

During the month I undertook many night hikes. The great thing about walking at night is that because your sense of sight is limited other stimuli become prominent. You smell different things, the sounds of nature come to the forefront and even small changes in atmospheric temperature are felt on your skin. One also doesn’t see much in terms of biodiversity, but when you do see things they are usually extraordinary.

Bat with Jupiter and Sandstone. Nightwalks are about the ambience.

I had an amazing nocturnal encounter with a pair of Cape Clawless Otters. That is something you wont experience in the day. Another good thing I got on my night walks was a pair of Cape Eagle Owls calling. Nice to know they are in the area.

A large Parabuthes transvaalicus. A highly venomous and active scorpion.

Conservational activities during the month were directed at alien invasive plant control, snare hunting and also clearing some paths for the benefit of eco-tourism. Priority sites of alien invasive plant control were identified and work in these area will commence in the months to follow. The most exciting development in terms of conservation during the month was the establishment of a nursery with some area specific plants. These plants will be used for fund-raising and the raising of consciousness for conservation and environmentalism in general.

Entandrophragma caudatum, under cultivation for conservation purposes.

Birds

This 112 species of birds were recorded. Many new species were added to our growing list. The SCBC bird list currently stands at 148 different species.

Greater Painted Snipe found in an opening in a flooded reed bed one night. Not something one sees too often.

Natal Spurfowl; Crested Francolin; Crested Guineafowl; Eqyptian Goose; Golden-tailed Woodpecker; Bearded Woodpecker; Black-collared Barbet; Yellow-fronted Tinkerbird; African Grey Hornbill; African Hoopoe; Green Wood-hoopoe; Malachite Kingfisher; Brown-hooded Kingfisher; Giant Kingfisher; Pied Kingfisher; European Bee-eater; Narina Trogon; Red-faced Mousebird; Speckled Mousebird; Black Cuckoo; Red-chested Cuckoo; Jacobin Cuckoo; Klaas's Cuckoo; Burchell's Coucal; Alpine Swift; African Black Swift; Little Swift; Purple-crested Turaco; Barn Owl; Pearl-spotted Owlett; Cape Eagle Owl; Spotted Eagle Owl; African Wood Owl; Fiery-necked Nightjar; Freckled Nightjar; Speckled Pigeon; Laughing Dove; Cape Turtle Dove; Red-eyed Dove; Emerald-spotted Wood-dove; Tambourine Dove; Black Crake; Greater Painted Snipe; African Fish Eagle; Cape Vulture; African Goshawk; Steppe Buzzard; Verreaux's Eagle; Crowned Eagle; Rock Kestrel; Lanner Falcon; Grey Heron; Green-backed Heron; Hammerkop; Hadeda Ibis; White Stork; Black-headed Oriole; African Paradise Flycatcher; Fork-tailed Drongo; Brown-crowned Tchagra; Black-back Puffback; Southern Boubou; Tropical Boubou; Orange-breasted Bush-shrike; Gorgeous Bush-shrike; Grey-headed Bush-shrike; Retz's Helmet-shrike; White-crowned Helmet-shrike; Chinspot Batis; Pied Crow; Black Cuckoo-shrike; Southern Black Tit; Lesser-striped Swallow; Barn Swallow; Rock Martin; Dark-capped Bulbul; Eastern Nicator; Terrestrial Brownbul; Sombre Greenbul; Yellow-bellied Greenbul; Long-billed Crombec; Willow Warbler; Cape White-eye; Rattling Cisticola; Tawny-flanked Prinia; Bar-throated Apalis; Grey-backed Cameroptera; Kurrichane Thrush; Spotted Flycatcher; Grey Tit-Flycatcher; White-throated Robin-chat; Red-capped Robin-chat; White-browed Robin-chat; White-browed Scrub-robin; Familiar Chat; Mocking Cliff-chat; Red-winged Starling; Violet-backed Starling; Amethyst Sunbird; White-bellied Sunbird; Red-headed Weaver; Spectacled Weaver; Red-billed Quelea; White-winged Widowbird; Swee Waxbill; Green-winged Pytilia; Red-billed Firefinch; Village Indigobird; Long-tailed Paradise Whydah; SouthernGrey-headed Sparrow; African Pied Wagtail; Cinnamon-breasted Bunting

The Crowned Eagle. One of the most powerful birds of prey in the world.

Python natalensis, the Southern African Rock Python. 

Reptile List

A good month for reptiles with the addition of a few more species to our species list. In the month 29 different species were found. This brings our reptile species list up to 45 different species.

The Flap-necked Chameleon (Chamaeleo dilepis) a very common species in the area. Easy to spot at night.

Kinixys spekii                                       Speke’s Hinged-back Tortoise

Stigmochelys pardalis                          Leopard Tortoise

Afroedura broadleyi                             Soutpansberg Flat Gecko

Chondrodactylus turneri                      Turner’s Gecko

Hemidactylus mabouia                         Common Tropical House Gecko

Homopholis wahlbergii                        Wahlberg’s Velvet Gecko

Lygodactylus capensis capensis           Common Dwarf Gecko

Smaug warreni depressus                     Flat Dragon Lizard

Platysaurus relictus                              Soutpansberg Flat Lizard

Broadleysaurus major                          Rough-scaled Plated Lizard

Gerrhosaurus flavigularis                    Yellow-throated Plated Lizard

Matobosaurus validus                          Common Giant Plated Lizard

Afroablepharus maculicollis                 Spotted-Necked Snake-Eyed Skink

Trachylepis margaritifer                       Rainbow Skink

Trachylepis varia                                  Variable Skink

Trachylepis sp.1

Varanus albigularis albigularis            Southern Rock Monitor

Varanus niloticus                                  Nile Monitor

Chamaeleo dilepis dilepis                    Flap-Necked Chameleon

Agama armata                                      Northern Ground Agama

Python natalensis                                 Southern African Python

Bitis arietans arietans                          Puff Adder

Aparallactus capensis                          Black-headed Centipede-Eater

Boaedon capensis                                Common House Snake

Hemirhagerrhis nototaenia                  Eastern Bark Snake

Psammophis subtaeniatus                    Stripe-bellied Sand Snake

Naja mossambica                                 Mozambique Spitting Cobra

The Puff Adder, Bitis arietans. A snake that relies on its excellent camouflage to escape detection from predators.  

Speke's Hinged Tortoise, Kinixys spekii, commonly encountered during the month.  

Acomys subspinosus, the Spiny Mouse. A commonly seen rodent.

Mammal List

With the introduction of trap cameras our mammal list has really begun to take shape. This month 22 mammal species were recorded.

Thick-tailed Bush baby. A nocturnal primate.

Greater Dwarf Shrew (?) Eastern Rock Sengi Thick-tailed Bushbaby Chacma Baboon Vervet Monkey Cape Porcupine Tree Squirrel Gambian Pouched Rat Spiny Mouse Bushveld Gerbil Leopard Cape Clawless Otter Dwarf Mongoose Water Mongoose Large-spotted Genet African Civet Rock Hyrax Bush Pig Sharpe's Grysbok Klipspringer Bushbuck Kudu