Showing posts with label Leopard. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Leopard. Show all posts

Thursday, August 4, 2016

Winter (May, June, July 2016) High and Low: Wet and Dry

Leopard captured on camera trap at Medike outside the accommodation.
In general winter is not a great time for biodiversity. Mammals and birds are still quite active, but reptiles, amphibians and inverts tend to lay low. In order to find anything one needs to work that much harder. At the SCBC we did pretty well this season and found one new frog, a new spider, a new scorpion and seven new reptiles, this brings our reptile list for the Soutpansberg to 84 species.

Northern Forest Rain Frog (Breviceps sylvestris taeniatus), Lajuma. A Soutpansberg Endemic.

A large Natal Rock Python (Python natalensis) in ambush mode next to the Sand River.
Harpactira gigas (Common Baboon Spider), Lajuma. Photo Melissa Petford.
Hatchling Leopard Tortoise (Stigmochelys pardalis) about the size of a golf ball, Lajuma. Photo Melissa Petford.
The activities this winter for the SCBC were focused on finding burrowing species of reptiles. This took us to a few different locations namely Lajuma and Entabeni and to a lesser degree the arid northern slopes at Bergpan. Most work was done in the day as the nights have been too cold for our herpetological purposes.

Soutpansberg Purple-Glossed Snake (Amblyodipsas microphthalma nigra) Bergpan.
White-bellied Dwarf Burrowing Skink (Scelotes limpopoensis albiventris), Bergpan. New for the SCBC.
Cregoi's Legless Skink (Acontias cregoi) Entabeni. New for the SCBC.
Acontias cregoi, close up of the head showing enlarged rostral. Photo Melissa Petford.
Limpopo Dwarf Burrowing Skink (Scelotes limpopoensis limpopoensis), Lajuma.
View from eastern slopes of  Mount Lajuma looking west.
Lajuma is a high altitude location and an important part of the newly proclaimed Luvhondo Nature Reserve. The elevation on the site ranges from about 1300-1700 at Lajuma peak (the highest point in the Soutpansberg). Notable new finds at Lajuma this winter were Cregoi’s Legless Skink, Northern Forest Rainfrog, Montane (Cross-marked) Sand Snake, Natal Green Snake, Wahlberg’s Snake-eyed Skink, Harpactria gigas (Common Baboon Spider) and an undescribed species of scorpion. Thanks to all the "Barnies" at Lajuma for your help and company in the field.

Soutpansberg Dwarf Gecko (Lygodactylus soutpansbergensis) Lajuma, Photo Melissa Petford.
Wahlberg's Snake Eyed Skink (Afroablepharus wahlbergii) Lajuma, new for the SCBC. Photo M. Petford.
East African Shovel Snout (Prosymna stuhlmannii) Lajuma. Photo Melissa Petford.
Hatchling Vanson's Gecko (Pachydactylus vansonii). Lajuma.
Wahlbergs Velvet Gecko (Homopholus wahlbergii) enraged after a seven meter fall, Lajuma. Photo Melissa Petford.
Montane or Cross-marked Sand Snake (Psammophis crucifer) Lajuma. Photo Melissa Petford.
Entabeni scene showing high altitude grassland and afromontane forest.
Entabeni is another high altitude location but is on the eastern side of the Soutpansberg and receives the highest rainfall in the region. It is composed of Afromontane forest and Grassland. Up at Entabeni we recorded loads of Cregoi’s Legless Skink and also finally caught up with the Northern Dwarf Chameleon. We finally manged to get some photographs of the abundant Montane Skink. Another interesting find from Entabeni was spotting a Tree Agama in the pine forest, another first for our lists.

Montane Speckled Skink (Trachylepis punctatissima), Entabeni (Photo Melissa Petford).
Common Girdled Lizard (Cordylus vittifer) Entabeni. Photo Melissa Petford.
Northern Dwarf Chameleon (Bradypodion transvaalense) Entabeni. New for the SCBC. Photo Melissa Petford.
Vanson's Gecko (Pachydactylus vansoni) Entabeni.
Another area we started sampling was Bergpan on the arid northern slopes of the Soutpansberg. Here we were hoping for some of the more xeric species and found a new lizard, the White-bellied Dwarf Burrowing Skink (Scelotes limpopoensis albiventris). This lizard has an extremely limited distribution and is classified as near threatened. The SCBC hopes to work more closely with species in the future to determine the limits of it’s distribution and the animals ecology.

Crested Guinea Fowl, one of the most charismatic birds at Medike.
Of course most of the winter was spent at Medike and the time was quite productive. The local crocodile was spotted after not having seen it since March, nice to see this living fossil surviving. We found a second lacertid species for the property, Nucras intertexta and managed to get some beautiful pictures. Other highlights from this winter have been finding two pythons one large adult and a juvenile; photographing a beautiful serrated hinged terrapin and capturing a beautiful leopard on camera trap (thanks to Dr. Chris Broeckhoven for making this possible).

Hatchling Natal Rock Python (Python natalensis) found one cold morning. Photo Melissa Petford.
Spotted Sandveld Lizard (Nucras intertexta) a first for Medike. Photo Melissa Petford.
The endemic Soutpansberg Flat Lizard (Platysaurus relictus) a colourful part of life at Medike.
Serrated Hinged Terrapin (Pelusios sinuatus) Sand River, Medike.
A new Scorpion species for the SCBC, an undescribed Opistophthalmus species, western Soutpansberg.
Uroplectes planimanus, Sand River.
Our scorpion work has been going well and the SCBC has been finding some exciting species and expanding known ranges. The most notable find this winter has been the undescribed Opistophthalmus species found in the western Soutpansberg. This species is awaiting description by taxonomists and we look forward to having another endemic scorpion in the area. Thanks to Ian Engelbrecht and the rest of the 'scorpalerts' group for help and motivation. Watch this space for some more information on these fascinating arachnids.

Uroplectes vittatus Medike. Photo Melissa Petford.
Hottentotta trilineatus, Sand River.
Uroplectes triangulifer, two females fighting, Lajuma.
Opistophthalmus lawrenci, Sand River, south of Waterpoort.
Uroplectes vittatus, Medike.
We look forward to a productive season starting in August. Our aims for the coming summer are to sample even more locations and work on our behavioural biology research on living reptiles. Other aims for the coming season are to work on amphibians, continue our scorpion work and begin some more focused work on mygalamorph spiders. Watch this space!

Sharpes Grysbok, Sand River, Medike.

Friday, January 1, 2016

October 2 - 23 November (More New Species!)


Sunset over Medike.
This two-month period was very busy and more productive than we could have hoped for. Our species lists grew very nicely with many new reptiles, two frogs, a new mammal and some new birds. The SCBC was fortunate enough to have two volunteers participate on the programme. Laura Burton from Norfolk in the UK gave eight weeks to the SCBC. Laura who is pursuing a career in wildlife policy and legislation is interested in herpetology, specifically testudinoidea. Then we had Ruan Stander from Polokwane, South Africa who gave just under two weeks of his time. Ruan is an avid herpetologist with a bright future ahead of him. Thanks to both of you for your hard work and company in the field without you this period would not have been as productive.

Ruan Stander from Polokwane with his Eastern Tiger Snake.

Laura Burton from Norfolk, England, with her Black File Snake.
October and November of this year was characterised by extremely dry and hot weather, the prevailing el Niño kept the rains away. We experienced numerous heat waves, some days the temperature rose to the mid-forties. Due to the heat we worked a lot at night, doing night hikes on a near daily bases. This led to a spike in our reptile species list with a majority of new species being nocturnal. Continuing our ‘broadening horizons’ programme we also did weekly road-cruising drives around the western Soutpansberg and a few forays into Eastern Soutpansberg and Northern Limpopo (Namely Golwe-Vhurivhuri, Pafuri and Mapungubwe). These new activities have led to some exciting sightings and interesting species.


For the two-month period we found six new reptile species on the Medike property alone and the total of new species for our list during this period for the greater Soutpansberg area was eleven (an additional two species can be added for the greater Limpopo area). Amphibians one new species for Medike and a total of two new species for the area. Scorpions one new species for the area. Birds we found four new species on Medike (we are not doing a greater Soutpansberg list as birds are very well documented in the area. We also have a new mammal record, an aardvark caught on camera trap by Medike resident Alan Carr. 

Black File Snake, Gonionotophis nyassae. A beautiful and strange snake. A new species for our lists.
A rare encounter: leopard, Panthera pardus, on foot. A definite highlight for me.
Highlights for the period was seeing a Black File snake for the first time. These snakes are strange, the exude a sweet smell which is very strong and part of this docile animals defence. The body is triangular with beautiful rough scales jutting out from the skin giving the snake a beaded feel. This has been one of the most magical reptilian encounters I have experienced. The second highlight for me was seeing a leopard on foot for the first time. We just set out on our night walk and saw some eye-shine, immediately one could see that this was not the usual night animal we regularly encounter. The animal continued to move in our direction and soon we could se the profile and spots. It was the big tom we have been capturing on our trap over the past few months. The leopard continued to move in our direction and at some point the animal sat down about thirty metres away and watched us. We stood and watched the leopard while he sat and watched us for about fifteen minutes. Then we moved away and backed out of the sighting. Leaving the cat there undisturbed. This was definitely one of the most magical encounters with an animal I have ever had. A rare meeting that I will never forget.


Xanthic Van Son's Gecko, Pachydactylus vansoni, photo credit Melissa Petford.

Van Son's Gecko, Pachydactylus vansoni, the normal colour phase in the area.
Pachydactylus punctatus, A new species for our lists.
Lygodactylus stevensoni, Mapungubwe National Park, photo credit Melissa Petford. A new species for our lists.
Lygodactylus bradfieldi, Mapangubwe National Park,  photo credit Melissa Petford. A new species for our lists.



Unidentified species of Lygodactylus. Lajuma.


Lygodactylus capensis capensis.
Common Barking Gecko, Ptenopus garrulus garrulus, New species for our lists.

Lined Shovel Snout, Prosymna lineata, this specimen was found dead on the road. New species for our lists.
Herald Snake, Crotaphopeltis hotamboeia, a  new species for our lists.
Eastern Tiger Snake, Telescopus semiannulatus semiannulatus, another new species for our list.
Variegated Wolf Snake, Lychophidion variegatum, photo credit Melissa Petford. A new species for our lists.
Dead Duerden's Stilleto Snake, Atractaspis duerdeni, a new species for our Soutpansberg list.
East African Shovel Snout, Prosymna stuhlmannii, a new record for our lists.
The Vine Snake, Thelotornis capensis capensis, a new species for our list. Photo Melissa Petford.
Vine Snake, Thelotornis capensis capensis, perfectly camouflaged in its environment.
Common Rough-scaled Lizard, Ichnotropis squamulosa, a new species for our list.
Common Flat Lizard, Platysaurus intermedius intermedius, a new species for our Soutpansberg list.
Boomslang, Dispholidus typus, Pafuri.
Southern Foam Nest Frog, Chiromantis xerampelina, a new frog for our lists.
Phrynobatrachus natalensis, a new frog for our lists.
A beautiful Painted Reed Frog, Hyperolius marmoratus taeniatus, Golwe-Vhurivhuri.
Eastern Olive Toad, Amietophrynus garmani, the most commonly seen frog at Medike.
Puff Adder, Bitis arietans arietans, one of the most common snakes in the area.
Brown House Snake, Boaedon capensis, a very common nocturnal species.
The Soutpansberg Rock Lizard, Vhembelacerta rupicola, a Soutpansberg endemic.
Afroedura pienaari, a Soutpansberg endemic
Dwarf Mongoose, regular characters at Medike.
African Elephants enjoying some water at Pafuri, Kruger National Park.
Zimbabwe Flat Lizard, Platysaurus intermedius rhodesianus, Mapangubwe National Park.
Rock Monitor, Varanus albigularis, Mapangubwe National Park.
Plains Zebras at Pafuri, Kruger National Park.
Reptile List

Astrix denotes new species.

Kinixys spekii
Crocodylus niloticus
Afroedura pienaari
Chondrodactylus turneri
Hemidactylus mabouia
Homopholis wahlbergii
*Lygodactylus bradfieldi
Lygodactylus capensis capensis
*Lygodactylus stevensoni
*Pachydactylus punctatus
Pachydactylus vansoni
*Ptenopus garrulus garrulus
Chirindia langi occidentalis
Heliobolus lugubris
*Ichnotropis squamulosa
Vhembelacerta rupicola
Smaug warreni depressus
*Platysaurus intermedius intermedius
Platysaurus intermedius rhodesianus
Platysaurus relictus
Broadleysaurus major
Gerrhosaurus flavigularis
Matobosaurus validus
Afroablepharus maculicollis
Mochlus sundevallii sundevallii
Scelotes limpopoensis
Trachylepis margaritifer
Trachylepis striata
Trachylepis varia
Varanus albigularis albigularis
Varanus niloticus
Chamaeleo dilepis dilepis
Agama armata
Leptotyphlops scutifrons scutifrons
Myriopholis longicauda
Afrotyphlops bibronii
Python natalensis
Bitis arietans arietans
Aparallactus capensis
Amblyodipsas microphthalma nigra
*Atractaspis duerdeni
Atractaspis bibronii
*Lychophidon variegatum
Boaedon capensis
*Prosymna lineata
*Prosymna stuhlmannii
Psammophis subtaeniatus
Naja mossambica
*Thelotornis capensis capensis
Dispholidus typus
*Telescopus semiannulatus semiannulatus
*Crotaphopeltis hotamboeia
Philothamnus semivariegatus
*Gonionotophis nyassae